Current as of: January 25, 2026 - 02:45

Highlights of Central Asia

Highlights of Central Asia Trip Notes

  • Ways to Travel: Guided Group
  • Destination: Tajikistan, Uzbekistan
  • Programmes: Culture
  • Activity Level:

    2 out of 7 - Easy & Moderate

  • Ages: 16+
  • Trip Code: AQZ

Trip Overview

Discover the contrasting beauty of Central Asia, from Tajikistan’s Fann Mountains to Uzbekistan’s Silk Road cities

Uncover the highlights of Central Asia, combining the untouched beauty of the Fann Mountains with legendary Silk Road cities. Starting in Tajikistan, where tourism is still in its infancy, we  walk beside alpine lakes and hike to remote villages, where daily life follows rhythms shaped by altitude and tradition. Then, crossing into Uzbekistan, our focus turns to Samarkand and Bukhara, where madrasas, mausoleums, and trading domes tell stories of empires, scholars, and traders. Throughout, meals with local families add warmth and insight, turning history and landscape into lived experience.

Highlights of Central Asia

At a Glance

  • Accommodation: 10 Classic nights (hotel)
  • Travel by train and private bus/minibus
  • Group normally 4 to 16, plus leader. Minimum age: 16

Highlights

  • Uncover the varied beauty of Central Asia with the expert guidance of two local tour leaders
  • Explore the high valleys and lakes of the Fann Mountains, Central Asia’s most dramatic mountain region
  • Trace the Silk Road through Samarkand and Bukhara, where empires, trade, and learning shaped Central Asia
  • Hike to the mountain village of Voru and gain insight into daily life in one of Tajikistan’s most remote communities
  • Stand in Registan Square, the architectural heart of Samarkand and a symbol of Silk Road power and learning
  • Enjoy meals with local families along the way, offering a genuine window into Tajik and Uzbek home life

Is This Trip for You?

This trip is graded Activity Level 2 (Easy & Moderate). For more information on our trip gradings, visit the Activity Level Guidelines page. If you have any queries about the difficulty of the trip, please contact us.

What to expect: This journey highlights two very different sides of Central Asia. In Tajikistan, tourism is still developing, which gives a strong sense of everyday life in remote mountain communities, though facilities can be simple in places. In Uzbekistan, the Silk Road cities are more established destinations, with a wider range of visitor infrastructure and services.

Climate: Expect a wide range of temperatures on this trip, which can be just below freezing point in the Fann Mountains and climb above 30C (86F) in Uzbekistan.

Journeys: There are drives of up to five hours. Roads are sometimes in poor condition.

Group

We have one local tour leader in Tajikistan and one in Uzbekistan, ensuring country-specific expertise and deep insight into the culture, history, and everyday life of both nations.

Adult min age: 16

Min group size: 4

Max group size: 16

Itinerary

Highlights of Central Asia

Land Only

  • Start City: Dushanbe
  • End City: Bukhara

Land Only Itinerary

Day 1
Adventure begins in Dushanbe

Begin your adventure in Dushanbe, the capital and cultural heart of Tajikistan, laid along the Varzob River and framed by the foothills of the Hissar Range.

Most international flights arrive either late tonight or in the very early hours of Day 2, so we recommend booking pre-tour hotel nights to ease into the trip.

Want more time in Dushanbe? Secure pre-tour hotel nights through your sales representative.

Accommodation: Atlas Hotel/Rumi Hotel (or similar)

Day 2
Discover the culture and identity of Dushanbe
Highlights of Central Asia

Meet our tour leader for a welcome briefing at 9am before setting out to understand how Dushanbe reflects the history, culture, and national pride of Tajikistan.

Our exploration takes in the Ismail Somoni monument, dedicated to the ninth-century founder of the Tajik state, and the statue of Rudaki, regarded as the father of Persian-Tajik literature. We also pause at the National Flagpole, once the tallest in the world, and visit the National Museum of Antiquities, where highlights include the reclining Buddha and the skeleton of the Sogdian princess uncovered at Sarazm.

For lunch, we gather at a local restaurant for classic Tajik dishes, an introduction to the tastes we’ll encounter throughout our time in the country. Later, we visit the palace of Kokhi Navruz, an architectural showcase, whose carved ceilings and ornamented halls reveal the skills still practised across the country by Tajik artisans.

The afternoon is free to relax before dinner. In the evening, we stretch our legs on a gentle walk past the Ayni Opera and Ballet Theatre, Kurushi Kabir Park, and along Rudaki Avenue, where fountains and public spaces fill with local life.

Accommodation: Atlas Hotel/Rumi Hotel (or similar)

Meals included: Breakfast, Dinner

Day 3
Explore the Silk Road stronghold of Hisor Fortress • Relax by the scenic Iskandarkul Lake
Highlights of Central Asia

Depart Dushanbe after breakfast, driving (45 minutes) to Hisor Fortress, one of the key strongholds on the ancient Silk Road. Our tour leader brings the ruins to life, explaining how power shifted through centuries of conquest and rule.

We return to Dushanbe for lunch, then take a scenic drive (four hours) into the Fann Mountains. The road climbs steadily, following river valleys and high pastures, before reaching Iskandarkul, a serene mountain lake named after Alexander the Great and long woven into local legend. Here, we can take a refreshing dip or simply relax on the shores.

Once settled into our lakeside accommodation, we explore on foot, visiting the nearby waterfall known locally as Fann Niagara and walking to Snake Lake, a smaller alpine pool fed by mountain streams.

There is also time for an optional boat ride on the lake. As evening descends, we enjoy dinner by the water, watching the light change across the surrounding peaks.

Accommodation: Zumrad Camp (or similar)

Meals included: Breakfast, Dinner

Day 4
Witness village life in Saratog • Join an embroidery masterclass in Panjakent
Highlights of Central Asia

Bid farewell to Iskanderkul and travel (two hours) through mountain passes toward Saratog village. En route, we stop at Panjchashma, meaning ‘five springs’, which are believed to have healing properties for different parts of the body.

In Saratog, we slow the pace and walk through the village, meeting residents whose lives remain closely tied to the surrounding valleys. A gentle riverside hike in the Arg Valley includes a bridge crossing and follows a largely flat route, giving us time to take in the landscapes.

Continuing west, we drive (three hours) to Panjakent, often called the Pompeii of Central Asia for its archaeological importance. Lunch introduces us to Panjakent plov, a regional version of Central Asia’s most celebrated dish.

Later, we meet local artisans for a suzani embroidery masterclass. Panjakent was recognised in 2025 as a World Craft City for suzani, a tradition passed down through generations using traditional techniques such as dolduzi, bosmaduzi, and zanjiraduzi. Our hosts explain how patterns, colours, and stitches reflect local identity.

There may also be time to join an optional halva-making session, in which you’ll learn all about the popular nutty-sweet confection.

Accommodation: Classic hotel

Meals included: Breakfast, Lunch

Day 5
Hike to Voru village • Homecooked dinner with a Panjakent family
Highlights of Central Asia

Today focuses on Voru village, known for its dramatic terraced layout. Houses are stacked into the mountainside so that one family’s roof becomes another’s courtyard, a practical response to limited space that also reinforces community ties.

We drive (2hr 30min with photo stops) to the river crossing before hiking (6mi/9.5km/four-hour round trip) to the village. In Voru, we share tea on the rooftop of a village home, looking out across the valley.

We also visit the blacksmith workshop of Master Sulton, whose family has practised this trade for generations. His tools and methods remain largely unchanged, and the workshop continues to serve local needs while producing small handmade items.

Lunch is hosted in Zimtut village on our return, where a local family prepares a home-cooked meal. Back in Panjakent, we visit Old Panjakent and the Historical Museum before sitting down for dinner with a local family in their home.

Accommodation: Classic hotel

Meals included: Breakfast, Lunch, Dinner

Day 6
Discover the stunning Seven Lakes • Cross into Uzbekistan

Set out early to drive (2hr 30min with photo stops) for the Seven Lakes of Marguzor, a chain of alpine lakes linked by legend and geography. According to local stories, the lakes were formed from the tears of seven sisters mourning their father, and each lake differs in colour and character.

We begin at Mizhgon (Lake 1) and continue to Marghuzor (Lake 6), where we have lunch, before either going by vehicle or a walk to Hazorchashma (Lake 7), the highest of the seven. The route allows us to see how mineral content, depth, and light affect the appearance of each lake.

In the afternoon, we return to Panjakent, stopping along the way at Sarazm, the first World Heritage site in Tajikistan. Dating to the fourth millennium BCE, Sarazm reveals early urban planning and long-distance trade links stretching from the Indus Valley to the Iranian Plateau.

By mid-afternoon, we reach the Jarteppa border, where we say goodbye to our Tajik tour leader and meet our Uzbek tour leader after completing formalities. We continue (1hr 15min) to the great Silk Road city of Samarkand and end the day with dinner in a local family home, an introduction to Uzbek cooking and hospitality.

Accommodation: Asia Samarkand (or similar)

Meals included: Breakfast, Lunch, Dinner

Day 7
Uncover the Silk Road legacy of Samarkand
Highlights of Central Asia

Samarkand sits at the heart of the Silk Road, and today we explore how its architecture reflects centuries of power, learning, and trade.

We visit the grandiose Bibi Khanum Mosque and the magnificent Gur-Emir mausoleum, where Tamerlane, the founder of the Timurid Empire, his sons, and his grandson Ulugbek are buried. Late afternoon is free to browse the local bazaar, where textiles and handicrafts remain an important part of Samarkand’s economy.

During your free time, you may also wish to join an optional wine tasting at the Khovrenko Winery, which includes a cellar visit and degustation.

In the evening, we visit Registan Square, the heart of the city with three grand madrasahs, to see the complex illuminated after dark.

Accommodation: Asia Samarkand (or similar)

Meals included: Breakfast

Day 8
Explore the ruins of Rabat-i-Malik • Tour a ceramics workshop in Gijduvan • To Bukhara

Travel (four hours) by road to Gijduvan, stopping at the ruins of Rabat-i-Malik, once a key caravanserai on the Silk Road. In Gijduvan, we visit a ceramics workshop where techniques and patterns have been passed down through generations.

Lunch is hosted by a master potter and their family, offering insight into how craft traditions are sustained today. We then continue (45 minutes) to the Silk Road city of Bukhara, arriving mid-afternoon with time at leisure.

Accommodation: Iman Hotel/Modarixon Hotel (or similar)

Meals included: Breakfast, Lunch

Day 9
Walk through historic Bukhara
Highlights of Central Asia

The old town of Bukhara has remained a hub of learning and religion for more than a millennium. Today’s guided walk introduces the most important sites, beginning with the Ismail Samani Mausoleum, an early example of Islamic architecture in Central Asia.

We continue to Chashma-i-Ayub, associated with the prophet Job, and the Bolo-Hauz complex, where emirs once prayed. At the Ark Fortress, our tour leader explains how rulers governed from behind its walls.

At the Poi-Kalyan Ensemble, we see the Kalon Minaret, Friday Mosque, and Miri-Arab Madrasa, still active today. The afternoon is free to explore at our own pace.

Accommodation: Iman Hotel/Modarixon Hotel (or similar)

Meals included: Breakfast

Day 10
Experience Bukhara’s craft and community life
Highlights of Central Asia

Continue to explore the wonders of Bukhara today, visiting the Kukeldash and Nadir Devonbegi madrasas, along with the associated khanaqa (Sufi lodge) and pond that formed part of the city’s social fabric. We also stop at the Magok-i-Attari Mosque, one of the oldest religious sites in the city.

Later, we browse the historic trading domes of Bukhara, once organised by profession and still active today.

In the evening, we are welcomed into the home of the Toshev family, well-known local artisans, where we share a home-cooked dinner, learn about their craft traditions, and celebrate our adventure through Central Asia together.

Accommodation: Iman Hotel/Modarixon Hotel (or similar)

Meals included: Breakfast, Dinner

Day 11
Adventure ends in Bukhara

We’ve traced Silk Road cities, walked villages in the Fann Mountains, learned from artisans, and crossed from Tajikistan into Uzbekistan, but now it’s time to begin our return journey home.

Alternatively, if you’d like to extend your adventure, speak to your sales representative to discuss our range of extension options.

Meals included: Breakfast

Accommodation

A selection of hotels

We aim to secure locally owned accommodation that is well located, offers good value for money, and plenty of comfort. To help you find your ideal adventure, each trip is given a Comfort Level rating, which indicates the overall standard of accommodation. For more on our ratings, see our Comfort Level guidelines.

Worth knowing

  • Tailor your trip: Extend your adventure by securing extra hotel nights before or after the main itinerary. Speak to your sales representative to book.
  • Private rooms: Like most tour operators, we room solo passengers together. If you’d prefer to have a private room, it’s normally possible to do this for a supplement. Speak to your sales representative to book. Please note, private rooms are not available for our night by Iskandarkul Lake.
  • The accommodations we use in Iskandarkul and Panjakent are relatively basic, but the rooms do have private bathrooms.

Food & Drink

Uzbek cuisine centres on plov, shish kebabs, and freshly baked bread. Tea is widely drunk. Tajik cuisine is hearty and meat-based, shaped by Persian, Afghan, and Russian influences. Beef and lamb feature prominently, alongside grains, vegetables and dairy. Plov is central to daily life, joined by dishes such as manti, laghman, qurutob and fresh seasonal fruit.

Please note, vegetarian food choices may be rather limited. If you are strictly vegetarian, or have any special dietary requirements, please notify us well in advance. The availability of certain specialised products for restricted diets, eg gluten-free or dairy-free, is minimal or non-existent and we strongly recommend you bring these specialised dietary items from home.

Transport

We travel by private minibus on this adventure.

Weather & Seasonality

Expect varied weather across Central Asia. In the Fann Mountains, days are mild, but nights can drop close to freezing, especially at higher altitudes. In Uzbekistan, conditions are much warmer, with daytime temperatures often exceeding 30C (86F). Layered clothing is essential.

Joining Instructions

Key information

Recommended arrival time: You can arrive at any time on Day 1 or very early morning on Day 2
Airport: Dushanbe International Airport (DYU)

Getting to the start hotel

The start hotel is approximately 10-15 minutes’ drive from the airport. We provide one group transfer from the airport to the hotel, which you can join at no extra cost, provided you can be at the airport before the transfer leaves. Speak to your sales representative for the transfer times or to arrange a private transfer.

Catching your return flight

There’s one group transfer to Bukhara International Airport (BHK), which you can join at no extra cost. Please speak to your sales representative for the time of the transfer. If the group transfer does not suit your flight time, speak to your sales representative to arrange an alternative.

Full joining instructions including local emergency numbers will be sent to you as part of our Final Joining Instructions. If you do not receive these at least a week before departure, or require them earlier please contact our office or your travel agent.

Location start: Dushanbe
Location end: Bukhara

What To Take

Essential Equipment

  • Light casual cotton clothing: men and women should cover their legs to the knees in mosques. Women should also cover their hair with a scarf when visiting holy sites.
  • Sandals are useful as they are cooler and are easier to take off when visiting mosques
  • Jacket and hat for cold nights
  • Sunhat
  • Sunglasses and suncream
  • Sports shoes or walking shoes/boots
  • Reusable water bottle
  • Anti-diarrhoea treatment and rehydration salts
  • Small torch (or phone with torch)

Water included: Plastic bottles are a big issue in many countries where recycling isn’t yet widely available; they often end up in landfill or get burned. Both processes are harmful to the environment and we would like to reduce our impact here. For your trip, we provide an alternative to single-use plastic bottles to reduce the plastic used. This means that safe drinking water will be available throughout; all you need to do is bring a bottle to refill along the way. Please add this to your packing list.

Practical Information

Visa

Uzbekistan

All nationalities require a full passport that must be valid for at least 3 months beyond your entry date into Uzbekistan. It is your responsibility to have the correct personal documents and to obtain your own visa, if one is necessary, in accordance with the regulations of the country you are to visit. The information below is primarily for UK passport holders, and other nationalities should check with their travel agent or the relevant embassies. We are not responsible for the actions of local immigration and customs officials, whether at points of entry or otherwise, and any subsequent effects.

Anyone travelling on a British Citizen, Australian, New Zealand, or Canadian passport can enter Uzbekistan as a visitor (for tourism or business purposes) for stays of up to 30 days without a visa. For a full list of nationalities that are eligible for a visa-free visit of up to 30-days, please visit https://www.uzembassy.uk/page/319?language=en

Many other nationalities are eligible for a simplified visa in advance (without the need for an authorisation letter of invitation), including USA. If you are eligible for a visa in advance then you should apply for one as for visas upon arrival, a letter of invitation is still required. Should you need an authorisation letter, please contact Exodus at least 8 weeks before departure as we can arrange this for you through our local operator.

It is no longer necessary for you to complete a currency declaration form upon arrival (unless you are carrying over US$2,000 with you). However, as this has only recently been implemented (summer 2018), you will still need to keep your receipts given by each hotel that you stay in – please hold on to these as they may be checked when you leave.

There are restrictions on bringing medicine into Uzbekistan. If you have any medicine we recommend you check with the Uzbekistan Embassy about allowed quantities. You should also bring copies of your prescriptions and declare them upon arrival. Visa regulations can change without notice: please check the current regulations in good time to obtain a visa if one is required.

Tajikistan

Some nationalities require a visa for Tajikistan, including UK passport holders. If unsure whether you need a visa or not, check with your nearest Tajik consulate. Nationals of the USA, Australia and Canada do not require visas at present.

If you require a visa, we highly recommend our local operator arranges the visa on your behalf.

For UK passport holders, this has a cost of around £70 which is more expensive than arranging it yourself; however, it is usually an easier and more reliable option.

If you decide to arrange your own Tajik visa

Most nationalities that require a visa can complete an online Tajikistan e-visa application:  https://www.evisa.tj. The e-visa costs around US$30. Processing time varies and the process is not always straightforward. Requests are often made for extra documentation and sometimes the visa is refused without clear reason. We will provide you with a letter of invitation on request. We recommend applying for your visa at least three weeks before your travel date.

The e-visa type you require is ‘individual’; to the question regarding GBAO Permit, please answer ‘NO’ (this is a permit to visit a semi-autonomous region, which this trip does not visit).

There is no need to enter a Group Identifier on the e-visa application.

It is possible to enter Tajikistan after the valid from date of the visa but not before. Many flights arrive into Dushanbe just after midnight. We recommend putting your arrival date as at least the day before the flight actually lands to allow for any airline schedule changes.

Please ensure that you take a printed copy of the e-visa with you.

If you do not require a visa

If you do not need a visa, you have to register locally with the Tajik authorities. Our local operator does this for you; it costs approximately US$35 and is payable locally in cash to your tour leader.

Vaccinations and Health

Uzbekistan

There are no required vaccinations. However, you may want to consider vaccinations for tetanus, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, rabies, tuberculosis and typhoid. Please confirm with your doctor or travel clinic.

Tajikistan

There are no required vaccinations. However, you may want to consider vaccinations for polio, tetanus, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, rabies, tuberculosis and typhoid. Please confirm with your doctor or travel clinic.

The risk of malaria on this trip is slight, but you may wish to consult your GP or travel health clinic for further advice.

Local Time

Uzbekistan's time zone: Asia/Tashkent (UTC +05:00)

Tajikistan's time zone: Asia/Dushanbe (UTC +05:00)

Electricity

Uzbekistan's electricity: Plug types C (two round pins) and F (two round pins) – 220V, 50Hz

Tajikistan's electricity: Plug types C (two round pins) and F (two round pins) – 220V, 50Hz

Highlights of Central Asia

Money

Uzbekistan's currency: Uzbekistani som (UZS)

Tajikistan's currency: Tajikistani somoni (TJS)

ATM Availability

Uzbekistan: There are ATMs in Samarkand and Bukhara, which typically only accept Visa and dispense local currency. Cards are generally accepted in the bigger cities, but cash is required elsewhere. Vendors who do accept card typically only accept Visa or Mastercard, so we recommend bringing one of each if possible.

We also recommend taking some cash to exchange, rather than rely solely on cards. It is best to bring US dollars and exchange them in the big cities. Notes issued before 1990, and any ripped or dirty notes, or notes with writing or stamps, may not be accepted. British pounds and euros can also be exchanged, but not Canadian dollars.

Tajikistan: ATMs are available in Dushanbe and Panjakent. Visa and Mastercard are commonly used cards. Credit/debit cards are accepted in larger cities, big hotels and stores.

Also take cash in US dollars (a mix of small and larger denominations) to exchange in banks and exchange offices. Money can be exchanged at the airport too but expect lower rates. Damaged banknotes are not accepted for exchange. All payments are made in local currency. It’s recommended to have enough cash in local currency for drinks, souvenirs, tips, etc.

Extra Expenses & Spending Money

The amount of spending money required can vary depending on how much you spend on drinks and souvenirs, but as an indication, we recommend you bring at least US$200 for meals not included and a further US$80 for souvenirs, drinks, and other incidentals. Photo fees are payable at nearly all the sites.

Optional excursions

Panjakent

  • Halva masterclass (around US$8 per person, time permitting)

Samarkand

  • Wine tasting and tour of Khovrenko Winery (US$30 USD per person)

SIM card availability:

  • You have the option to purchase a SIM card for Uzbekistan either before your trip or upon arrival.
  • If you prefer purchasing a SIM card upon arrival in Uzbekistan, you’ll find several options available, including at airports, convenience stores, and local network provider outlets

Tipping

Tipping has become customary in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Below are recommendations:

  • Tajikistan tour leader: US$40-US$50 per person
  • Uzbekistan tour leader: US$40-US$50 per person
  • Drivers: US$3- US$5 per person per day

If a hotel porter takes your bags to your room, a tip equivalent to approximately US$1-US$2 is about right.

Sustainability and Impact

As a certified B Corp, we’re on a mission to improve our social and environmental impact across all our adventures.

We do this through our innovative Thriving Nature, Thriving People plan.

This ‘nature positive’ approach is designed to help nature and communities thrive in harmony through practical solutions, such as reducing carbon and waste on our trips, supporting conservation projects through the Exodus Adventure Travels Foundation, and rewilding 100 square metres for every Exodus traveller.

Important Information

Your Safe Participation
When booking this trip, you should be confident in your ability to participate in all activities described in these Trip Notes. If you have any doubt about your suitability, please call us and ask to speak to one of the experts on this itinerary. 

Although our leaders are well trained to deal with different capabilities, if they have any concerns about someone’s ability to safely take part in an activity, or their impact on other people’s enjoyment, we authorise them to take necessary action which, in some circumstances, may involve asking someone to miss that activity. 

By booking this trip you agree to our Booking Conditions which clearly state that our leaders have the authority to do this. In these rare instances we will ensure anyone sitting out is safely provided for and offered alternative options where possible. Refunds will not be provided for activities missed and customers may be liable for additional costs incurred. 

Seatbelts
All vehicles used by us should be equipped with working seatbelts, except where approved by us based on the vehicle type or journey. Wherever seatbelts are available, we require our customers to use them for their own safety, even where it may not be a legal requirement.

Travel Safety
For additional information please have a look at the travel safety advice page on our website.

How to Book

Speak to our friendly team of experts to plan your adventure:

  1. Check availability: our website shows real-time availability of our guided group tours, or contact our team by phone, email or live chat.
  2. Hold a space: You can provisionally hold a space on any guided group tour to give you time to finalise your travel plans.
  3. Confirm your booking: Payment of a deposit will complete your booking and secure your place on the trip.

After booking
You will receive a confirmation document and invoice, which includes extra information and guidance about your travel arrangements. Our dedicated Customer Operations team will help you with any pre-travel questions or arrangements and can easily add extensions or extra accommodation to your booking. Final Joining Instructions will usually be sent out two to three weeks prior to departure.

Adding transfers to your booking
If you have arranged your own flights and would like to add transfers to your booking, please provide your arrival and departure details to our Customer Operations team around four to six weeks before departure.

  • Where free transfers are included, they are available for any flight but can only be added to your booking once we have received your flight schedule.
  • Where group arrival and departure transfers are available, these operate at fixed times. You will need to arrive in time to meet the scheduled transfer. If the timings don’t align with your travel plans, our team can arrange private transfers once they receive your flight schedule.

Trip Note validity
Trip notes may be updated after booking; if any updates significantly impact the inclusions or itinerary you will be advised in writing. A link to the most up-to-date Trip Notes will be sent out with your Final Joining Instructions before departure.

The information in these Trip Notes is given in good faith. All holidays can be subject to unexpected changes, and occasionally it may not be possible to follow the itinerary as planned. In these circumstances we will make the best-possible alternative arrangements that maintain the integrity of the original itinerary.

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